Why do Matthew and Mark list Thaddeus where Luke lists a second Judas?
The short answer
They are the same man. The Thaddeus of Matthew 10:3 and Mark 3:18 is the first Judas of Luke 6:16, probably called by other names to avoid confusion with Judas Iscariot.
One apostle
Thaddeus in Matthew (10:3) and Mark (3:18) is the same as the first Judas in Luke (6:16).
Why two names
He was likely called by other names to avoid confusion with Judas Iscariot. A Catholic Commentary on Holy Scripture notes that, like others of his time, he had several names, and early Christians naturally avoided the one he shared with the traitor.
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